LECTURE 10
Lecture 9
Lecture 8
Lecture 7
Avant-Gardes all over Europe came from more or less the same initiation. They were a response to the unstable environment of that time, the war, the technology progressing and new political movements. Trying to find balance in this the search for the ideals in dwelling, cities and are thinking of complete reconstruction of the world through architecture. The constructivists in Russia responded to the emerging political force of socialism, anti-capitalism, collectivism. They explored rational and power expressing designs in architecture and art. Encouraged by the political activity of socialists, rebellion against the old Russia, the Czar, they created an environment of art, which blossomed for a while, covering it self with political slogans for a while, but tragically, very often became the victims of this regime, once it gained power. For example artist Gustavs Klutsis, whose designs of posters are world known as soviet symbols, was killed by the regime.
Lecture 6
Separation of ornament and decoration is being set. The decoration cannot be justified if it does not answer the structure, has a meaning or function. Louis Sullivan ornaments his skyscrapers with nature motives to express the three parts of his design. Adolf Loos uses ornament to set the function and perception of a space. His housing designs posses rather formal exteriors, but exquisite interiors of room hierarchy and connection throughout.
Lecture 5
Through experiment and practice of his and ancient architecture Le Corbusier evolves new understanding of spaces and their relationship to each other and users of those. Starts opening the plan up, connecting spaces. Sets to use the new technology of building, the concrete frame, creating the domino house. Sets rules of new architecture that allows the user freedom and individuality.
Lecture 3
Set in a time when German production was running behind the rest of the West Europe. Learning from the UK, Deutsche Werkbund emerges, and AEG is set up. Prodoction of typological, excellently refined objects results in art, where artists gives form to simplicity, utility, therefore esthetics.
Bauhaus and Meis Van Der Rohe emerge form the ideas of new construction and new objectivity. Meis Van Der Rohe works with incredible attention to detail and interaction of spaces. His ornament might be the carefully used materials. Abstract plans of planes and use of light, openness.
Bauhaus and Meis Van Der Rohe emerge form the ideas of new construction and new objectivity. Meis Van Der Rohe works with incredible attention to detail and interaction of spaces. His ornament might be the carefully used materials. Abstract plans of planes and use of light, openness.
Lecture 2
A problem emerges which flows through to most of the following lectures. To stick with the past methods of creating, producing, where the craftsmen are of the highest importance, or to let machinery of the new age mass produce products, drawing those away from their artist, designer. Mass produced ornament, so characteristic of crafts, is unnecessary, so minimal becomes moral. Transitioning to the new materials and modes of creation is made smoother by implying nature motives, which was experimented with in different ways, by different artists.
Art Nouveau 1890-1910
Art Nouveau, inspired by the English Arts and Crafts movement and driven by the developments in wrought iron technology, was launched in Belgium in 1892. This first attempt to replace the classical system if architecture spread quickly through Europe, as magazines had developed and now could provide quality images to a mass of readers and resonated with the notions of the new industrial culture as well as national and political independence movements in Europe. This movement in arts and architecture saw vividly different variations visual and technological carried out by multiple architects of different cultural background. Most of these designs shared a very similar thought process, set of values, the Art Nouveau mentality. Similarly to the Arts and Crafts movement, where ornament was justified by it being created by a craftsman, Art Nouveau often saw ornament as a part of the functional structure deriving and tying it together with each other. The motives of nature richly used to ornament and structure the building. Art Nouveau saw the layout of the spaces within the building be set not by symmetry and strict order, but functionality and relationship of those.
I visited The Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery and Birmingham Cathedral, my experience of this is described in the bog post, link to which is found below.
Art Nouveau 1890-1910
Art Nouveau, inspired by the English Arts and Crafts movement and driven by the developments in wrought iron technology, was launched in Belgium in 1892. This first attempt to replace the classical system if architecture spread quickly through Europe, as magazines had developed and now could provide quality images to a mass of readers and resonated with the notions of the new industrial culture as well as national and political independence movements in Europe. This movement in arts and architecture saw vividly different variations visual and technological carried out by multiple architects of different cultural background. Most of these designs shared a very similar thought process, set of values, the Art Nouveau mentality. Similarly to the Arts and Crafts movement, where ornament was justified by it being created by a craftsman, Art Nouveau often saw ornament as a part of the functional structure deriving and tying it together with each other. The motives of nature richly used to ornament and structure the building. Art Nouveau saw the layout of the spaces within the building be set not by symmetry and strict order, but functionality and relationship of those.
I visited The Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery and Birmingham Cathedral, my experience of this is described in the bog post, link to which is found below.
Lecture 1
This first lecture was very effective in number of ways. It gave a rather clear understanding of how, what and why we would be learning the rest of the year. But more importantly for me, a set of powerful ideas, quotes were set before us. How to approach architecture, where to create it from and what is its relation to society.
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